Here's a little video essay about cartoon sound effects. It's good as far as it goes but it oddly omits one important source of noises in cartoons: Vocal sound effects performed by cartoon voice actors.
At the end of this video, there's a quick cut of Marvin the Martian playing a little tune on a trumpet. That sound came out of the amazing mouth of Mr. Mel Blanc and it was heard in many Warner Brothers cartoons, as well as Mel's ability to sound like an old car chugging along or an old airplane or any of a number of noises. Other vocal performers like Frank Welker and Don Messick (and more recently, guys like Dee Bradley Baker) have given us sounds that have more personality than any non-organic source.
But this is still a pretty good little video. Give it a look and listen…